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  • Summary & Details

Application of Model Based Development to Product Fuel Cell Systems and Controller Design Physical Modeling of the Entire Fuel Cell System and Implementation to Controller

Detailed Information

Category(E)Fuel Cell System and Vehicle
Author(E)1) Shigeki Hasegawa, 2) Jared Farnsworth, 3) Motoyuki Kimata, 4) Naoki Tomi, 5) Nobukazu Mizuno, 6) Daniel Folick, 7) Kentaro Fukuda, 8) Andrew Sata, 9) Miho Hatazaki, 10) Yoshihiro Ikogi
Affiliation(E)1) TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION, 2) TOYOTA MOTOR NORTH AMERICA, 3) TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION, 4) TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION, 5) TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION, 6) TOYOTA MOTOR NORTH AMERICA, 7) DENSO CORPORATION, 8) TOYOTA MOTOR NORTH AMERICA, 9) SOKEN, INC., 10) TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
Abstract(E)1-dimentional (1D) physical modeling methods of fuel cell stack and balance of plants (air-supply system, H2-supply system and cooling system) are investigated. To ensure simulation of life-long system operation in permissible calculation time and accuracy, proper resolution of modeling methods is chosen and in-house high-speed numerical solvers are developed. This model is validated and verified by actual fuel cell system data gathered in a variety of operating conditions (low to high loads, operating temperatures and ambient pressures). High accuracy is confirmed across these conditions. With proper resolution of modeling methods and high-speed numerical solvers, the model executes approximately 30 times faster than real time.
In addition to serving as a fuel cell system simulator, the same modeling and numerical methods are introduced to the control software implemented in a standard engine control unit (ECU) for fuel cell system control. These models run in real-time and act as ‘virtual sensors’ with which any state variables at any components can be measured and used for on-board calculations. Based on these estimated state variables, simple and high-accuracy feed-forward controllers are developed to improve control response and reduce controller calibration effort.
Finally, the future target of a model-based development process is discussed, in which a combination of 1D and 3D-CFD/FEM based fuel cell system models are utilized as a fundamental piece of the overall development process.

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